A pragmatic annotation model All phenomena described here have a cognitive origin, hence they are universals. A cognitive phenomenon influences social interaction and language. Therefore, the verbal communication process can be analyzed from three closely related levels: cognitive social, pragmatic and linguistic. At a cognitive social level, the theoretical framework described is based on the
Read moreC-ORAL-ROM, a spontaneous spoken corpus The corpus used for the present study is developed within the framework of the European project C-Oral-Rom. The main goal of this project was to build four corpora in four romance languages (Italian, Spanish, French and Portuguese) with similar design features: the same number of words, the same types of
Read moreIntroduction Pragmatics is the science of the use of language in its context. In the second half of the 20th century, linguists and philosophers started to study the importance of context in the interpretation of statements. There have been two areas of progress in this field: the study of spoken language and the conception of
Read moreThis paper outlines the first phase of the PRAGMATEXT project. The aim of PRAGMATEXT is to introduce pragmatic knowledge into the transcriptions of C- ORAL-ROM, a spontaneous spoken corpus of Spanish. The paper is divided in four sections. The first section presents the most relevant features of the C-ORAL-ROM corpus. The second describes the pragmatic-discursive
Read moreTextual typology and transcription problems: analysis of the data In this section, the results obtained by the program are analyzed. The analysis procedure has always been the same for each of the linguistic phenomena studied: First, the relation between frequency of occurrence of the features and textual typology is stated. Second, we evaluated whether this
Read moreThe computational tool The C-ORAL-ROM corpus is tagged with XML. Using the information included in the tags, we developed a program which automatically calculate the frequency of occurrence of each of the following features: overlapping, retracting, number of dialogic turns, speaking speed, fragmented words and supports. These frequencies were calculated for each class of texts.
Read moreOrality and transcription problems: the original hypothesis In order to find out what kind of relation there is between orality and linguistic registers, two scales of transcription difficulty were stated taking into consideration the following two parameters: Degree of formality (Scale 1) Two ends can be considered when dealing with the texts in terms of
Read moreThe notion of orality It is well known that spoken language is not always a synonym to orality, if we understand orality as the presence of linguistic, paralinguistic and interactive phenomena, such as retracting or overlapping, which are not present in the written register. The registers in spoken language vary depending on the communicative situation.
Read moreDescription of the corpus C-ORAL-ROM is a multilingual spontaneous speech corpus (Cresti et al., 2002) of the four main roman languages: French, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish. Each subcorpus consists of around 300,000 words. With the aim of enabling comparability between the different subcorpora, several sampling criteria concerning the distribution of the corpus were established: as
Read more1. Introduction This paper is the result of an experiment carried out by a group of transcribers at the Laboratorio de Lingüística Informática (LLI) at the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, once the recording and transcribing phases of the C-ORAL-ROM project were over. The goal of the experiment was to confirm certain hypothesis which had arisen
Read moreAbstract This paper analyses the effects of certain oral features on the process of transcription of spontaneous speech recordings. On the basis of the statistical analysis of the data obtained from the C-ORAL-ROM corpus, it will be shown empirically that transcription difficulties vary according to the communicative situation, the degree of formality and the number
Read moreConclusions and Future Work The results are approximately 60 % failures and 40 % success. Behind these figures lay the other’s image and the expectations, both from the speaker and from the machine. One of the principles that makes human communication possible is that speakers are able to adapt their speech acts to the expectations
Read moreAna Gonzalez Ledesma ©. All rights reserved.
